Fatal Impact of Median Barrier Not Mentioned in Hwy 403 Crash in Mississauga Ontario

It was mis-leading of the OPP and news media not to mention that this vehicle struck a median barrier as part of the collision event that led to the driver’s death.

There has been an improvement in recent years in the reporting of collision events by police agencies such as the OPP. Twitter posts by the OPP include some basic photos of the site and vehicles involved. The viewing of these photos is not just a matter of morbid curiosity but it allows for independent agencies such as Gorski Consulting to provide further assessments and cautions about safety issues that may not be obvious to the general public.

Unfortunately, there continues to exist a strange pre-occupation in providing misleading information by police and news media that is not helpful to anyone.  In the present case the OPP provided a photo (shown above) of the collision-involved vehicle that reportedly rolled over on Hwy 403 near Winston Churchill Boulevard in Mississauga, Ontario. That submission was helpful. However the circumstances by which this vehicle came into difficulty should have been explained. Whether it is the fault of the OPP or the news media is not clear. But the combination of the two has resulted in a failure to reveal certain aspects of the fatality  that the public ought to know.

While the collision was reported as a rollover, it was likely more complicated than that. The environment of Hwy 403 presents a large area of level road surface which provides a safety benefit to road users, even if a vehicle rolls over. That level surface gives the opportunity for a rolling vehicle to continue its roll without any sudden impacts or snagging that might occur in an environment of an uneven surface. The bottom line is that in most simple rollovers the vehicle decelerates at a very moderate level in the range of 0.5 g. That deceleration is often lower that what one could expect from maximum braking. So the deceleration, in itself, is not dangerous as the vehicle may reduce its speed to final rest over many seconds, depending on its initial speed. So what we should expect in a simple rollover on a Highway such as the 403 is a situation that could be quite benign, provided that the occupants of a vehicle remain inside it and there is no structural intrusion into where the occupants are seated. It should be somewhat surprising therefore that the female driver of the vehicle was pronounced dead. While rollovers can be unpredictable, some explanation should have accompanied the reporting of this incident as to why a fatality occurred.

The benefit of social media such as Twitter is that we can actually hear alternative and independent explanations of what happened and such was the case here. An independent witness to the collision identified on Twitter as “ABerezuk” reported that:

“I saw it happen. The Jeep in the left lane heading on the 407 at the 407/403 split westbound. At the last second they leaned changed to the right lane. Then over onto the shoulder before the Barrels/Median. I  believe they were focused on merging back into the 403 when they simply ran out of room. At the last second he tried to avoid the barrels. Hit them and started to roll. Came to a stop middle lane right in front of White hatchback. I think a VW.”

This is likely the barrier that was struck by the vehicle before it rolled over resulting in the death of the driver.

Never mind the specifics of what was mentioned above as some may be unclear or not completely accurate. What is valuable to know is that the vehicle struck “the barrels” and then rolled over. That is an important point. This indicates that this may not have been a simple rollover as described by police and official news media.

One only needs to examine the various accident photos at the site and the OPP photos to realize that there appears to have been some effort to prevent seeing the view of the struck barrier. In one of the news media photos a large fire truck was placed between the photographer and the struck barrier. In other instances the site photos were arranged in such a way to prevent showing the fact that the vehicle’s path passed through the location of the barrier. Such acts do not create a relationship of trust that the public should expect from official reporters of a death.

We provide “barrels” and other devices on roadsides and medians in order to the reduce the severity of collisions, not to increase their severity. While much research goes into placement of the proper  types of systems that may be of greatest benefit, they do not work perfectly in every collision situation. Also not all systems are properly tested and the general public sometimes become the guinea pigs for those tested, or untested, systems that fail. That is unfortunate but it is a reality. What we can do to reduce such tragedies is to identify situations where such devices might not have worked as well as expected. That may not be the fault of the designers or the installers or the maintainers of the roadway. But we simply cannot know where the problem lies if we do not conduct a thorough investigation and if the public is not made aware that a problem may exist.

One does not have to venture far back in history to recall the unfortunate instances where society failed to act swiftly to prevent the death of a number of human guinea pigs. Lap belts, over-powered air bags, GM ignition switches, the list goes on. Similar problems exist on the roads and roadsides that need to be identified so that corrections can be made to reduce the number of those future human guinea pigs.

“Tires were smoking and engines were screaming” – But did it happen?

Can a Mazda3 produce smoking tires and a screaming engine while accelerating from a stopped position?

Evidence at trials can be complicated and not always accurate.

A trial is taking place involving a dangerous driving charge against a young Cambridge woman, Jasmine Henning, with respect to a collision that reportedly occurred on June 11, 2017 on Water Street in Cambridge. A witness claimed that Henning’s Mazda3 was accelerated from a traffic signal along with a Hyundai Genesis and the witness claimed that “As soon as the light turned green they were gone. Tires were smoking and engines were screaming. They were a couple of pretty fast cars”.

The performance of small engine cars such as the Mazda3 can be altered and that needs to be revealed. However a typical Mazda3 cannot perform the type of accelerations described by the witness. A 300 horsepower Genesis would easily have not problem outracing the Mazda3.

As an example, testing had been performed by Gorski Consulting in June of 2014 involving maximum accelerations of a Mazda3 from initial speeds of 10 and 20 km/h, with the transmission set in 2nd gear. The results of one of the 20 km/h tests are shown in the chart below.

Results of a brief, maximum acceleration from in initial speed of 20 km/h by a Mazda3

In three tests from 20 km/h the average accelerations, over a time of about 3 to 4 seconds were 0.186, 0.177 and 0.188 g. Similarly, two tests performed from an initial speed of 10 km/h produced accelerations of 0.200 and 0.197 g. These are not massive values. Although the tests were not from a stopped position like the situation reported by the witness, it is highly doubtful that the Mazda3’s performance would be comparable to the Genesis and would not match the witness’s observation of “tires smoking and engines screaming”. That description may be more appropriate for the Genesis.

What actually caused the Mazda3 to travel out of control into opposing traffic needs more study than the small bits of information reported by the news media. Police reported some form of road surface “hump”. That road abnormality may be unrelated to the crash, just as was the opinion of the investigating police.

However, too often, roadway humps, bumps, depressions or subsidences are ignored and untested as possible causes of crashes. This is why Gorski Consulting conducts testing of various road surfaces and road characteristics so that one road can be compared to the next. Without the results from actual, objective testing, the opinions provided by collision reconstructionists and investigators may be inaccurate. The Road Data database is available for public viewing on the Road Data page of the Gorski Consulting website.

When a driver insists that no racing occurred and that some form of unexplainable malfunction occurred this may simply be a way of defending oneself from a serious charge. However when witness information sounds unusual, and police confirm the presence of a road surface abnormality, further study is prudent.

Rear-Ended Taxi Could Result in Fatalities

Given the extent of rear crush and the fact that five occupants were reportedly in this taxi suggests that fatal injuries to at least one of the occupants could be possible.

OPP have just uploaded the above photo on their Twitter account showing a taxi that was rear-ended, at an undisclosed location, by a pick-up truck. Given the extent of crush at the rear of the taxi, the difference is speed between the vehicles was likely “at highway speed”. Thus the crush does not indicate how fast each of the vehicles as travelling it just indicates the difference in speed between the vehicles. This is also referred to as change-in-speed, change-in-velocity or Delta-V.

Generally, vehicles are not tested for safety compliance in high-speed rear-end impacts therefore the safety performance of the struck vehicle cannot be guaranteed. What is known is that previous severities of impact in this range have led to fatalities for the rear occupants.

There is frontal damage to the taxi and that needs to be explained.

No word yet from the OPP as to what occurred, where or what injury consequences ensued.

The striking vehicle, shown below, does not show anywhere near the extent of crush as the taxi and this is common. Never-the-less it has sufficient crush that additional energy would have been dissipated by its structure. Undoubtedly OPP will download the crash data from the pick-up truck and its impact speed should be known.

The front end of the striking pick-up truck shows far less crush and this is typical for collisions like this. The stiffer front end of the truck generally over-rides the softer rear of the struck vehicle and there is this vast difference in crush between the two.The background of the photos suggests the collision site is in a rural area but on a higher volume highway which does not readily explain why a vehicle such as the taxi might be stopped or travelling slowly. In total there will need to be an explanation why there was such a large difference in speed between the vehicles  that would lead to this extreme impact. Details from the OPP are likely to follow.

New Road Data Available For Highways Near London Ontario

The Road Data webpage of this Gorski Consulting site has been updated with new data from testing along Veterans Memorial Parkway, Highway 401 and Highbury Ave in London, Ontario.

As expected the data indicates the relatively smooth surface conditions along southbound Veterans Memorial Parkway from Tartan Drive up to Highway 401. This is partly due to the recent repaving of that section of road in 2016 and 2017. Similarly, smooth surface conditions existed along westbound Highway 401 between Veterans Memorial Parkway and Highbury Ave.

It has been well known that Highbury Ave is not very pleasant to drive between Highway 401 and Hamilton Road, either southbound or northbound. Part of the discomfort is due to the uneven concrete surface. Testing southbound between Hwy 401 and Commissioners Road confirmed those perceptions as the lateral motion of the test vehicle was substantially greater than along the other two highways. This is despite the fact that the worse area, located southbound from just south of the Thames River bridge, has not yet been tested.

The results of the testing re-affirm the accuracy of the testing procedures. Multiple video cameras continue to be used to document the specific surfaces where the motion data is being sensed. This allows for very specific information on what disturbances to the test vehicle have caused that motion. This greater detail is not included in the Road Data file for obvious reasons that its complexity and detail cannot be uploaded to a website. However the additional details are available to the public who want to know those details. Simply contact Gorski Consulting via our website or on Twitter (@crashologist).

Fire & Fatality Involving School Bus Near Simcoe Ontario

Fires continue spread in an unusually high number of incidents over recent years. News media report these outcomes as simple footnotes without much concern.

The most recent fire occurred on Windham Road 12 near Simcoe, Ontario. It was reported that an 80-year-old driver was travelling westbound which involved a requirement to stop at a stop sign. Judging by the southward location of the final rest positions of the vehicles it is likely that the driver was not travelling at highway speed and may very well have come to a stop at the stop sign before proceeding into the intersection with Nixon Road. Both vehicles travelled essentially south, or along the travel path of the school bus. This outcome would be expected because of the much larger mass of the school bus. However there was very little influence of the car’s mass in re-directing the bus’s post-impact motion and therefore a slow speed of the car would be a preliminary conclusion.

There was substantial crush to the side of the car, as would be expected, due to the speed of the bus. However there is no explanation why the fire commenced or from which source the fire originated.

In a significant collision it is uncommon for two striking vehicles to maintain contact throughout their post-impact trajectories to final rest. It will happen when the impact force is directed through the centres-of-gravity of the vehicles or, rarely, if there has been some snagging in the contacting structures.

Because of the danger to life that is created whenever a fire starts the Canadian and U.S. Federal Safety Standards provide a test of a vehicle’s fuel integrity and vehicles cannot be sold in North America if they fail that standard. Obviously federal agencies such as Transport Canada and the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) cannot test every vehicle therefore there are a lot of vehicles on the road whose fire performance in crashes is unknown. That is why it is essential for police and other agencies who investigate such incidents report any fires to the federal agencies so they can be tracked. It is this tracking which can inform the federal agencies that a safety related problem may exist. Without that reporting the public is at risk of being badly injured or dying needlessly from a fire that should not have occurred.

It becomes the responsibility of news media to inform the public of the existence of the safety standards and to report any incidents that appear suspicious. They should also be asking the investigating police whether they will be reporting these incidents to federal agencies who monitor public safety on the road and they should be reporting to the public what was the result of that discussion with police.

In the present case the cause and source of the fire is not clear and therefore suspicious. It was reported that the bus was filled with passengers that go out of the bus without incident. And it was also reported that police were able to extricate the deceased from the burned vehicle such that the fire reportedly did not cause his fatal injuries. But the situation could have been much different if extrications were not possible, particularly for the many passengers on the school bus. Thus the matter cannot be taken lightly.

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